Pinworm Infection in Children: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention in Canada

While pinworms rarely cause serious illness, they spread easily and can be persistent without proper hygiene and treatment, making awareness important for parents, caregivers, educators, and first aid providers.

How Pinworm Infection Spreads

Pinworm infection begins when microscopic eggs are ingested, often unknowingly.

• The eggs hatch in the small intestine

• Larvae migrate to the large intestine, where they mature over 2–6 weeks

• Adult female worms travel to the anus at night to lay eggs

The eggs are deposited in a sticky, gel-like substance that causes irritation. From there, eggs can spread to:

• Fingernails

• Toys

• Clothing

• Bedding

• Food

• Surfaces

Pinworm eggs can survive up to three weeks at room temperature, making reinfection common.

Signs and Symptoms of Pinworm Infection

Many children infected with pinworms do not show symptoms. When symptoms occur, they may include:

• Intense itching around the anus, especially at night

• Skin irritation or redness from scratching

• Secondary bacterial infection of broken skin

• Restlessness or difficulty sleeping

In girls, pinworms may migrate and cause:

• Vaginal itching or irritation

Persistent scratching can worsen symptoms and increase the risk of skin infection.

How Pinworm Infection Is Diagnosed

Diagnosis focuses on identifying eggs or adult worms.

Tape Test

• Transparent tape is gently pressed against the skin around the anus

• This must be done early in the morning, before bathing or toileting

• The tape is examined under a microscope by a healthcare provider

Visual Inspection

• Adult worms may be visible 1–2 hours after the child falls asleep

• Worms appear thin, white, and thread-like

Treatment and Management

Pinworm infection is easily treated with medication:

• Mebendazole or albendazole

• A single dose is given and repeated after two weeks

Because reinfection is common:

• All household members are often treated

• Bedding, clothing, and towels should be washed in hot water

• Toys and frequently touched surfaces should be cleaned

• Regular vacuuming is recommended

To relieve itching:

• Anti-itch ointments (such as carbolated petrolatum) may be applied to the anal area

• Keep fingernails short and clean

• Encourage frequent handwashing, especially before meals

Why This Matters for First Aid & Childcare Settings

In Canadian daycares, schools, and family homes, pinworm infection spreads easily due to close contact. First aid training emphasizes:

• Hand hygiene

• Infection prevention

• Recognizing common childhood health issues

Understanding pinworm infections helps caregivers reduce transmission and maintain healthy environments.

Important Disclaimer

Educational Use Only
This content is provided for general education and first aid awareness purposes only and is not a substitute for medical advice or diagnosis. If pinworm infection is suspected, a licensed healthcare provider should be consulted for confirmation and treatment.

Formal first aid and childcare safety training helps caregivers recognize infections, manage hygiene risks, and protect children in group settings across Canada.