Atrial Fibrillation (AFib): Symptoms and First Aid Awareness in Canada

Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is a type of irregular heart rhythm (arrhythmia) where the heart beats in a rapid or uneven pattern. It occurs when the normal electrical signals that control the heartbeat become disrupted.

In Canada, atrial fibrillation is more common with advancing age, particularly among adults over 65. While some people experience noticeable symptoms, others may have AFib without realizing it.

Common Signs and Symptoms

Palpitations or sensation of a fluttering heartbeat is one of the indications of atrial fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation may occur with or without symptoms. When symptoms are present, they may include:

Sensation of a fluttering or irregular heartbeat (palpitations)
Chest discomfort or pressure
Dizziness or lightheadedness
Shortness of breath
Fatigue or reduced tolerance for activity
Fainting or near-fainting episodes

Symptoms may appear suddenly or develop gradually.

Why Atrial Fibrillation Is Serious

Even when symptoms are mild or absent, atrial fibrillation increases the risk of serious complications, including:

Stroke
Heart failure
Other cardiac emergencies

This is why early recognition and medical assessment are critical.

Common Causes and Risk Factors

AFib is often linked to other health conditions or triggers, including:

High blood pressure
Heart disease or valve problems
Thyroid disorders
Chest trauma or surgery
Lung infections
Excessive alcohol or stimulant use
Advancing age

In some cases, no specific cause is identified.

First Aid Awareness and Emergency Response

Atrial fibrillation cannot be treated with first aid, but first aid awareness focuses on recognizing warning signs and responding quickly.

Call emergency services immediately if a person experiences:

Chest pain
Severe shortness of breath
Sudden weakness, confusion, or difficulty speaking
Collapse or loss of consciousness

These symptoms may indicate a stroke or heart emergency. Both topics are covered in emergency first aid training.

Why This Awareness Matters for Canadians

AFib affects thousands of Canadians and often goes undetected. Recognizing symptoms early helps reduce the risk of life-threatening complications and supports faster access to medical care.

First aid education emphasizes:

Recognizing cardiac warning signs
Monitoring responsiveness and breathing
Knowing when to activate emergency medical services

Educational Disclaimer

This information is provided for general educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Atrial fibrillation requires diagnosis and management by qualified healthcare professionals.