ACL Injuries: Symptoms, Causes & Prevention in Sports

Where ACL Injuries Happen: Sport & Work

While ACL tears are best known as sports injuries, similar mechanisms can occur in physically demanding workplaces — particularly environments involving:

• Repetitive pivoting or turning

• Uneven terrain or outdoor surfaces

• Jumping or sudden direction changes

• Lifting or maneuvering awkward loads

Knowing basic first aid principles such as R.I.C.E. (rest, ice, compression, elevation) and when to seek urgent care helps stabilize knee injuries until professional assessment. Many Canadian organizations benefit from having workers trained in First Aid, CPR & AED, improving response time and confidence during injuries.

What Is an ACL Injury?

An ACL injury involves the tearing of the anterior cruciate ligament, a key stabilizer of the knee joint. These injuries are common in soccer, basketball, volleyball, tennis, and skiing — especially when abrupt stops or pivots occur.

Typical immediate effects include:

• Swelling

• Pain

• Instability

• Difficulty bearing weight

• A noticeable “popping” sensation at the time of injury

Symptoms of an ACL Injury

• Audible or felt “pop”

• Rapid swelling (within hours)

• Instability or knee “giving way”

• Pain during movement or loading

Causes & Mechanisms

Most ACL tears occur without direct contact, triggered by:

• Sudden directional changes

• Pivoting with the foot planted

• Jump landings with poor alignment

• Hyperextension of the knee

Less common causes include collisions, falls (e.g., skiing), and vehicle-related trauma.

Treatment Options

Non-Surgical Management

Used in mild tears or among less active individuals; includes strengthening and mobility work to restore stability.

Surgical Reconstruction

Often selected by athletes or highly active individuals who need rotational knee stability for sport or occupation.

Rehabilitation typically spans several months regardless of approach.

Reducing the Risk of ACL Injuries

Evidence-based prevention strategies include:
✔ Strength training (hips, core, hamstrings, quads)
✔ Plyometrics & jump landing training
✔ Balance & neuromuscular drills
✔ Skill-specific technique coaching
✔ Conditioning programs

Many Canadian sport programs now integrate ACL prevention warm-ups into practices and training blocks.

Educational Disclaimer

This article is for educational purposes only and does not replace clinical assessment, rehabilitation guidance, or certified first aid training. Consult a healthcare professional for suspected ACL injuries.