Travel-Related Respiratory Illness Awareness for Canadians
Some respiratory illnesses are rare in Canada but may still pose a risk to Canadians who travel internationally. One example is Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), a viral respiratory illness that has primarily been linked to travel in or around the Arabian Peninsula.
While MERS cases in Canada are extremely uncommon, understanding how serious respiratory illnesses spread—and how to respond safely—is part of general first aid and infection prevention awareness.
What Is MERS?
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is caused by a coronavirus known as MERS-CoV. Early cases were linked to animal exposure, particularly camels, and limited human-to-human transmission has occurred, most often in healthcare settings.
There is currently no specific cure or vaccine for MERS. In some cases, the illness has caused severe respiratory complications.
Symptoms of Serious Respiratory Illness
Respiratory infections like MERS may cause symptoms ranging from mild to severe. Some individuals may experience few or no symptoms, while others may require hospitalization.
Common symptoms can include:
- Cough
- Fever
- Shortness of breath
Additional symptoms may include:
- Chest pain or tightness
- Chills
- Sore throat
- Body aches and headache
- Fatigue or malaise
- Gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting
Severe cases can lead to respiratory distress requiring medical intervention.
Who Is at Higher Risk?
Individuals at increased risk of severe respiratory illness include:
- Older adults and young children
- People with chronic conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, or lung disease
- Individuals with weakened immune systems
- Organ transplant recipients and those undergoing cancer treatment
For these groups, early medical assessment is especially important.
Prevention and First Aid Awareness
While first aid does not treat viral respiratory illnesses, first aid awareness supports infection prevention and early response, especially after travel.
General prevention measures include:
- Washing hands regularly with soap and water
- Avoiding contact with individuals who are visibly ill
- Practicing respiratory hygiene (covering coughs and sneezes)
- Avoiding undercooked or improperly handled food while travelling
- Seeking medical care if fever or respiratory symptoms develop after international travel
Knowing when symptoms require urgent medical assessment is a key principle taught in first aid and CPR training in Canada.
Why This Matters for Canadians
Although MERS is rare in Canada, global travel means Canadians may encounter unfamiliar respiratory illnesses abroad. Awareness, hygiene, and early medical assessment help reduce the risk of complications and transmission.
First aid education emphasizes recognition, prevention, and appropriate escalation, not diagnosis or treatment.
Educational Disclaimer
This information is provided for general educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Respiratory illnesses require diagnosis and treatment by qualified healthcare professionals. First aid training focuses on awareness, prevention, and safe response.