External Ear Infection (Swimmer’s Ear): Symptoms & What to Watch For

An external ear infection — also known as otitis externa or swimmer’s ear — occurs when the skin of the ear canal becomes irritated or infected. While often linked to water exposure, it can also follow scratching, aggressive cleaning, or using objects inside the canal. Symptoms can range from mild discomfort to noticeable pain.

Early Symptom: Itchiness

Itching inside the ear canal is often the earliest sign. As inflammation progresses, itching may decrease and pain becomes more noticeable.

Pain & Tenderness

External ear infections can be surprisingly painful. Touching or gently pulling on the outer ear (auricle) often increases discomfort. Pain may extend toward the side of the head, neck, or face in some cases.

Redness & Swelling

The outer ear and canal may look red, slightly swollen, or feel warm to the touch. Some people notice mild flaking or peeling of the skin as irritation settles.

Drainage

Fluid can drain from the ear canal during an infection. Early drainage may be clearer, while later stages may look thicker as the immune system responds. A healthcare provider can determine whether antibiotics, antifungal drops, or other treatments are needed.

Lymph Node Swelling

Swelling of the small lymph nodes behind or beneath the ear may occur as the body fights infection.

Hearing Changes

Temporary muffled hearing can happen when swelling or fluid narrows the ear canal. Once inflammation improves, hearing typically returns to baseline.

When to Seek Medical Care

Most cases improve with topical drops prescribed by a healthcare provider. Seek care sooner if:

• Pain is severe

• Symptoms last more than a few days

• There is significant swelling

• Drainage becomes persistent

• Symptoms occur after swimming in natural bodies of water

• The individual has diabetes or a weakened immune system

Fever is not common in swimmer’s ear. If fever or spreading infection develops, prompt medical evaluation is especially important.

Prevention & Canadian Context

Swimmer’s ear is especially common in:

• Swimming

• Water sports

• Frequent earbud use

• Cleaning ears with cotton swabs

• Humid workplaces (kitchens, industrial environments)

• PPE that traps heat and moisture (earmuffs, headgear)

Keeping ears dry, avoiding objects in the canal, and using ear protection when appropriate can reduce risk.

Disclaimer

This educational information does not replace medical assessment. Individuals with persistent pain, discharge, fever, or hearing concerns should seek guidance from a qualified healthcare professional.